Embedded System Desgin : Interfacing

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Attepmt to Accessing Keyboad Up and down Key by C programm for a project

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<pre class="brush:csharp"></pre>
<pre class="brush:c++"> *<b> main.c</b>
*
* Created on: Aug 12, 2017
*      Author: thannara123

#include<stdio .h="">
#define FALSE 0
#define TRUE 1 // 0r //!FALSE
struct menu
{
   char menu_up_key;
   char menu_down_key;
   char menu_enter_key :1; // bit feild 1 bit
};
struct menu s1= {0}; //s1.menu_up-key =1;
void struct_1( struct menu,const char *menu_display[]);

int main()
{

     const char *menu_display[10];
      menu_display[0] = "Menu0";
      menu_display[1] = "Menu1";
      menu_display[2] = "Menu2";
      menu_display[3] = "Menu3";
      menu_display[4] = "Menu4";
      menu_display[5] = "menu 5";
      menu_display[6] = "menu 6";

       struct_1(s1,menu_display);
             getchar();
             return 0;

      }

void struct_1(struct menu s1 ,const char *menu_display[])
{

     char ch;
      do{
            ch=getch();

            if(ch!='\0')
            {
              ch=getch();
              if(ch=='H')
              {
               s1.menu_up_key++;
               if(s1.menu_up_key==7)
                 s1.menu_up_key =0;
            // printf("UP\n");
                  printf(" %s\n",*(s1.menu_up_key+menu_display));
               }
         else    if(ch=='P')
               {
              s1.menu_up_key--;
              if(s1.menu_up_key==-1)
                  { s1.menu_up_key =6;
                   goto here;
                  }
                //printf("down\n");

                  here:
         printf("%s\n",*(s1.menu_up_key+menu_display));

                   }

            }
               }
              while(ch!='e');// while oka key
}
</stdio></pre>
<pre class="brush:csharp">/*
* button_key.c
*
* Created: 7/30/2017 12:02:39 PM
* Author: Krishna
*/ #include <avr io.h="">
#include "delay.h"
#include "button_key.h"
#include "lcd.h"

void menu_key_display(struct menu s1,const char *menu_display[]);
void UP_Down_Keyvalue(struct menu s1,int i,int j);

/* Function Key Value For get key */
int Key_pressed(void)
{
while(1){
    if (LEFT_S) { while(LEFT_S);return 1; }
if (RIGHT_S){ while(RIGHT_S);return 2; }
if (UP_S) { while(UP_S); return 3; }
if (DOWN_S) { while(DOWN_S);return 4 ; }
if (OK_S) { while(OK_S);return 5 ; }
}
}

/* Function Key Value For Up Key & Enter*/

void menu_key_display(struct menu s1,const char *menu_display[])
{
int ch;
   int a;
int menu_position =0;
   LCD_DisplayString(menu_display[menu_position]);
            do{

    repat:
    ch = Key_pressed();
    if(ch==1||ch==2)
    {
                  if(ch==2)
                    { if(ch==2)
                   { if(s1.menu_side_key==4)
                     s1.menu_side_key = 0;
                  LCD_Clear();
                  LCD_GoToLine(0);
                              LCD_DisplayString(*((++s1.menu_side_key)+menu_display));
         menu_position=1;

                 }
                      }
                   else if(ch==1)
                   {
                             if(ch==1)
                    {if(s1.menu_side_key==1 ||s1.menu_side_key==0)
                      {
                    s1.menu_side_key=5;
                      }
                      LCD_Clear();
                            LCD_DisplayString(*((--s1.menu_side_key)+menu_display));
          menu_position=1;
                         }
                   }
          }

    if(menu_position==0)
    goto repat;
        }while(ch!=5);

        a = s1.menu_side_key;
switch(a)
     {
case 1: // set time
          {
    LCD_Clear();
       LCD_GoToLine(0);
       LCD_DisplayString(menu_display[5]);
    LCD_GoToLine(1);
    LCD_DisplayString(" HH:MM:SS:PM/AM");
    UP_Down_Keyvalue(s1,2,4);
          break;
          }
case 2: // Set date
        {
         LCD_Clear();
         LCD_GoToLine(0);
         LCD_DisplayString(menu_display[6]);
      LCD_GoToLine(1);
      LCD_DisplayString(" DD:MM:YY");
      UP_Down_Keyvalue(s1,2,3);
         break;
        }

case 3: // set alarm
          {
         LCD_Clear();
            LCD_GoToLine(0);
         LCD_DisplayString(menu_display[7]);
      LCD_GoToLine(1);
      LCD_DisplayString(" HH:MM:SS:AM/PM");
      UP_Down_Keyvalue(s1,2,4);
          break;
             }
case 4: // set alarm
           {
            LCD_Clear();
          LCD_GoToLine(0);
          LCD_DisplayString(menu_display[8]);
    LCD_GoToLine(1);
    LCD_DisplayString(" HH:MM:SS:PM/AM");
    UP_Down_Keyvalue(s1,2,4);
          break;
            }
     }

while(Key_pressed()!=5);


}

/* Function Key Value For UP_Down Key */
void UP_Down_Keyvalue(struct menu s1,int i,int j)
{

int ch,lower,upper;
do{
    if(j==4)
     {
      if(i==2)upper=1;
      if(i==3)upper=9;
      if(i==5)upper=5;
      if(i==8)upper =5;
      if(i==9)upper =9;
     }
      if(UP_S)
      {
      while(UP_S);
      if(s1.menu_up_key==upper)
      s1.menu_up_key = lower-1;
      LCD_GoToXY(1,i);
      LCD_Printf("%d",++s1.menu_up_key);
      s1.time[i-2]=s1.menu_up_key;
      }
   else if(DOWN_S) // down

          {    while(DOWN_S);
            if (s1.menu_up_key==lower)
            s1.menu_up_key = upper+1;
            LCD_GoToXY(1,i);
            LCD_Printf("%d",--s1.menu_up_key);
      s1.time[i-2]=s1.menu_up_key;
     }
          if(RIGHT_S)

             { while(RIGHT_S);
       s1.menu_up_key=0;
          if(i==9) goto exit1;
          if(i==3||i==6)
          ++i;
          i++;
              }
      exit1:
           if (LEFT_S)
             { while(LEFT_S);
        s1.menu_up_key=0;
            if(i==2) goto exit2;
            if(i==5||i==8)
            --i;
            i--;

             }
    exit2:continue;


} while (ch!=5); // if Okay key exit loop

}

</avr></pre>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>

Attepmt to Accessing Keyboad Up and down Key by C programm for a project

Timer

What is a Timer ?

A Timer is device it sense the time interval and produce an output at a set value . example alarm Timer setting.(Timer in Wikipedia )

,What is the need of a timer in Micro controller ?

1) Some time micro controller Code need some accurate Delay ( Example blinking An LED in each accurate 1 sec. Look LED Blinking example

2)Some Time the code needs the code Repeat

3) Most of the Interfacing devices with micro-controller needs a clock (accurate interval of clocks)
Example: LCD module require Clock Signal Look LCD Interfacing

Timer in 8051

Also a Timer actually require a clock pulse (pling) .These pulse are given from controller (actually it is in software based not giving ) see below picture

8051 type controller has two Timer Timer 0 and Timer 1 (These two timer is the length of 16 bit ,0000 to FFFF ).These Timer is named as TR0 and TR1.

The Timer Setting/configuring can controlling by the TMOD register

These TMOD register Values is used to decide how the Timer Works .

Sample program

download the fullcode and Test

Timer

What is a Timer ?

A Timer is device it sense the time interval and produce an output at a set value . example alarm Timer setting.(Timer in Wikipedia )

,What is the need of a timer in Micro controller ?

1) Some time micro controller Code need some accurate Delay ( Example blinking An LED in each accurate 1 sec. Look LED Blinking example

Timer in 8051

Also a Timer actually require a clock pulse (pling) .These pulse are given from controller (actually it is in software based not giving ) see below picture

8051 type controller has two Timer Timer 0 and Timer 1 (These two timer is the length of 16 bit ,0000 to FFFF ).These Timer is named as TR0 and TR1.

The Timer Setting/configuring can controlling by the TMOD register

These TMOD register Values is used to decide how the Timer Works .

Sample program

download the fullcode and Test

Switch Bounce Tutorials

Switch Bounce

Microcontrolers may not in Human thinking frequency .Human thinking frequency is lies in some of low Hz . Microcontroler works variety range of frequency ie ,12Mhz,20 Mhz etc . In a push Button micro controller interfacing, Human and Micro controller are feels that whether the push is pressed or not in different way as follows in the graph .

Some small duration pulse due to denounce generated as multiple touch error
Hardware solution

It can be made by a resistor and a capacitor in the following manner or any other for comfortable

When ever the switch is pressed the capacitor will charge rapidly ,practically the first charge wil be across the ,capacitor ,

So we can avoid the denouncing effect .

The capacitor and the resistor will be select in accordance with time constant . as follows

For more information go here

Will be update

Switch Bounce Tutorials

Switch Bounce

Some small duration pulse due to denounce generated as multiple touch error
Hardware solution

It can be made by a resistor and a capacitor in the following manner or any other for comfortable

When ever the switch is pressed the capacitor will charge rapidly ,practically the first charge wil be across the ,capacitor ,

So we can avoid the denouncing effect .

The capacitor and the resistor will be select in accordance with time constant . as follows

For more information go here

Will be update

Making multiple input by 3 wire Interfacing .

Parallel to serial Interfacing with Micro controller

Interfacing with 74HC165 with 8051

I am trying to make multiple input with using minimum input port of micro controller ,ie 3 wire .

By using a 3 wire we can interface more input as we wish.

I am making a tutorial for it , Basics of 74HC165 which is a parallel to serial shift register .

Data sheet of 74HC165

Only three pin is connected with this IC .

1) SH/LD or PL is used load parallel data to the IC .A low pulse (ground) is applied for store the parallel data at the pin from A to H . And a High (5 Volt) is applied to stop the reading from the PIN A to H .

2) Then to read the loaded or saved data to Micro controller we have to give clock to the PIN 2 of 74HC165 (CLK) . 8 pulses is applied to read 8 bit (Pin A to B)

3) QH / SO . serial out pin is used to get the stored parallel data to serially.

The CLK INH pin must be connect in ground for enable clock.

To use cascaded 74HC165 for increasing i/p .connect the Seriall output pin (PIN 9) of first satge into serial input of first stage see the following circuit.

see the code below

  #include  
#include
#include "lcd.h"  
sbit PL  = P1^0;   // Loading parallel data to HC165.
sbit CLK = P1^1;   // Clock pulse to HC165.
sbit Beep  = P1^2;   // 
sbit data_in  = P1^3;

  void clock(void);
  void display(unsigned char value);
     
void main()
{  
 unsigned char position ,no_of_ip = 17;
  lcd_init();
  string("   gElectron");     
  while(1)

   {  
      PL = 0 ;
  delay(2);
  PL = 1;

   for(position = 1; no_of_ip > position; position++ , clock())
  {     
  
    if(data_in == 1)
     display(position);   

  }
   } 
}  

 void clock(void)
 {
   CLK = 1;
   delay(1);
   CLK = 0;

 }

void display(unsigned int value)
  {  
  unsigned int a[1];
    Beep =   1;
    lcd_init();
 lcd_cmd(0x01);   
    string("Pressed key ");
    lcd_cmd(0xc0); 
  sprintf(a,"%d",value);  
     string(a); 
     delay(1);
     Beep = 0;
     
  }

Download the whle file here github.

Making multiple input by 3 wire Interfacing .

Parallel to serial Interfacing with Micro controller

Interfacing with 74HC165 with 8051

I am trying to make multiple input with using minimum input port of micro controller ,ie 3 wire .

By using a 3 wire we can interface more input as we wish.

I am making a tutorial for it , Basics of 74HC165 which is a parallel to serial shift register .

Data sheet of 74HC165

Only three pin is connected with this IC .

2) Then to read the loaded or saved data to Micro controller we have to give clock to the PIN 2 of 74HC165 (CLK) . 8 pulses is applied to read 8 bit (Pin A to B)

3) QH / SO . serial out pin is used to get the stored parallel data to serially.

The CLK INH pin must be connect in ground for enable clock.

To use cascaded 74HC165 for increasing i/p .connect the Seriall output pin (PIN 9) of first satge into serial input of first stage see the following circuit.

see the code below

  #include  
#include
#include "lcd.h"  
sbit PL  = P1^0;   // Loading parallel data to HC165.
sbit CLK = P1^1;   // Clock pulse to HC165.
sbit Beep  = P1^2;   // 
sbit data_in  = P1^3;

  void clock(void);
  void display(unsigned char value);
     
void main()
{  
 unsigned char position ,no_of_ip = 17;
  lcd_init();
  string("   gElectron");     
  while(1)

   {  
      PL = 0 ;
  delay(2);
  PL = 1;

   for(position = 1; no_of_ip > position; position++ , clock())
  {     
  
    if(data_in == 1)
     display(position);   

  }
   } 
}  

 void clock(void)
 {
   CLK = 1;
   delay(1);
   CLK = 0;

 }

void display(unsigned int value)
  {  
  unsigned int a[1];
    Beep =   1;
    lcd_init();
 lcd_cmd(0x01);   
    string("Pressed key ");
    lcd_cmd(0xc0); 
  sprintf(a,"%d",value);  
     string(a); 
     delay(1);
     Beep = 0;
     
  }

Download the whle file here github.

Rotation Counter using 8051

I need to make a counter for a transformer winding machine .In that the winding is made by hand . so the roation need to be keep in mind ,that is too much difficult .So the winding shaft rotaion counting by an infrared sensor module which is connected with 89S52 microcontroler and a LCD .

Infrared based Rotation Counter by 805 or (contact less Rotation Counter or Rotation counter without using Interrupt.

Code :

INFRARED Module

Download the Full Project CODE and with Proteus Here

Rotation Counter using 8051

Infrared based Rotation Counter by 805 or (contact less Rotation Counter or Rotation counter without using Interrupt.

Code :

INFRARED Module

Download the Full Project CODE and with Proteus Here

16 Bit Event Counter & Displaying on LCD1

An External Pulse Counter Using 8051 and Dispalying on 16x2 LCD

A circuits which is used to count the external pulses And which is displaying on an 16x2 LCD display . You can simply use this project for various purpose .It is a default project for counting Purpose.

Tutorials : -

To use 16 Bit counter we need to configure some register in 8051 as follows

TMOD Register is need to configure as follows

16 bit counter Setting with timer 0

TMOD=0x05; // Giving 0x05 it configured so .

8051 has Two Timer (each has 16 bit ) i am taking here Timer 0 It has to part First 8 bit (TL)) and the second part is (TH0) .

This timer is using to store the Pulses from the external (ie it will increment up to 65535 or FFFF)

TL0 = 0; // that timer clearing

TH0 = 0; // that timer clearing

TR0 = 1 // TR0 setting to start the counting .

Done .................................

After setting the above register as said the resulted value (counting value ) will save periodically in TL0 and TH0 . That value displaying after converting it to decimal . for LCD Tutorials Go Here

Download Her the all Project Including Proteus file
Click Here

16 Bit Event Counter & Displaying on LCD1

An External Pulse Counter Using 8051 and Dispalying on 16x2 LCD

Tutorials : -

To use 16 Bit counter we need to configure some register in 8051 as follows

TMOD Register is need to configure as follows

16 bit counter Setting with timer 0

TMOD=0x05; // Giving 0x05 it configured so .

8051 has Two Timer (each has 16 bit ) i am taking here Timer 0 It has to part First 8 bit (TL)) and the second part is (TH0) .

This timer is using to store the Pulses from the external (ie it will increment up to 65535 or FFFF)

Download Her the all Project Including Proteus file
Click Here

Design of Digital Voltmeter By using Micro-controller Part 2

Microcontroller based Digital AC Meter Part 2 Code And Circuit

First Part available here

Circuit Diagram

#include"lcd.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "delay.h"
double volt_read_disply();
int main(void)
  
{   
     int adc_value1=0;  
  LCD_SetUp(PB_0,PB_1,PB_2,P_NC,P_NC,P_NC,P_NC,PB_4,PB_5,PB_6,PB_7);
  LCD_Init(2,16);     
     adc_init();
    
     LCD_Clear();
  LCD_GoToXY(0,0);  
  
  LCD_DisplayString("  g-Electron"); 
  _delay_ms(1000); 
  
 while(1) 
 {  
       adc_value1 =  volt_read_disply();
    LCD_GoToLine(1);  
    LCD_DisplayString(" Volt : ");    
    LCD_DisplayNumber(10,adc_value1,3);   
    LCD_DisplayString("V");  
    _delay_ms(1300);
 } 
}

double volt_read_disply()
{   int i,adc_value[40]={0}; int temp =0;
 
 adc_init();

  for(i=0; i<40;i++)                        // samples taking from 41 times 9.4milli second taken about on complte half cycle
   { 
   adc_value[i] = read_adc(0);  // reading voltage           
  }
   
  temp = adc_value[0];  
 for(i=0; i<40; i++)
 {
  if(temp<adc_value[i])
  temp=adc_value[i];
 }  
 
      return ((double)temp*0.224828935); // int to double casting
   
}

Attepmt to Accessing Keyboad Up and down Key by C programm for a project

Attepmt to Accessing Keyboad Up and down Key by C programm for a project

Timer

Timer

Timer

Timer

Switch Bounce Tutorials

Switch Bounce

Switch Bounce Tutorials

Switch Bounce

Making multiple input by 3 wire Interfacing .

Making multiple input by 3 wire Interfacing .

Rotation Counter using 8051

Rotation Counter using 8051

Infrared based Rotation Counter by 805 or (contact less Rotation Counter or Rotation counter without using Interrupt.

Rotation Counter using 8051

Rotation Counter using 8051

Infrared based Rotation Counter by 805 or (contact less Rotation Counter or Rotation counter without using Interrupt.

16 Bit Event Counter & Displaying on LCD1

16 Bit Event Counter & Displaying on LCD1

Design of Digital Voltmeter By using Micro-controller Part 2

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